History of Shockwaves
The theory of using shock waves in medicine dates back to the 1940s, but the first demonstration of its clinical use in humans occurred in 1980, when Professor Christian Chaussy, MD used shockwaves to disintegrate pelvic stones in humans. He found that 20 of the 21 patients could successfully pass the stones without surgical intervention. In the following decades, shock wave technologies have continued to evolve and have been clinically proven to be powerful in treating chronic pains. The first orthopedic indication(s) approved by the FDA occurred in 2000 for the treatment of plantar fasciitis (foot pain), followed by lateral epicondylitis (elbow pain) in 2002.
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Two Main Types of Shock Waves
Focused Shock Waves (F-SW)
F-SW are unique sets of acoustic pressure waves that pass through tissue, fat, bone, and muscle. Shockwaves cause micro-traumas that promote blood circulation, increase oxygen levels in cells, and relax tissues. These activities stimulate cell regeneration which repairs damaged tissues, slows down the deterioration of tissues, and strengthens bones. Additionally, shockwaves promote the secretion of pain-reducing chemicals that inhibit the release of pain factors, reduce nerve sensitivity, and increase pain threshold levels.
F-SW applications are beneficial for deeper issues that include soft tissue, bone, and vascular structures. They have a smaller focal zone than radial pressure waves, allowing for precise targeting of deeper tissue structures.
Radial Pressure Waves (R-PW)
Like F-SW, R-PW waves are sound waves. However, R-PWs have a much smaller amplitude and a much longer duration.
Focused shock waves target deeper-sited pathologies (soft tissue or bone), while radial pressure waves target larger, more superficial areas.
Integration with Existing Treatments
Shockwave technology is highly versatile and can be seamlessly integrated into existing treatment protocols. For example, in physical therapy, shockwave therapy can complement stretching and strengthening exercises to optimize recovery. In regenerative medicine, combining shockwaves with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy can enhance tissue healing by promoting cellular activity and increasing blood flow. Laser therapy, extracorporeal magnetotransduction therapy (EMTT), and ultrasound are also often used alongside shockwave therapy to amplify its benefits. The synergy between these treatments helps address multiple aspects of a patient’s condition, from pain reduction to tissue regeneration.
Shockwave for Sports
Additionally, for athletes and active individuals, shockwave therapy can accelerate recovery from sports-related injuries, minimizing downtime and reducing reliance on invasive procedures or medications.
Economics of Shockwave
In the US, shock waves are typically not reimbursed by insurance companies. However, studies have shown that shock waves are as (or more) effective than surgery for plantar fasciitis, and patients often spend less money. In fact, one study determined that the patient’s costs associated with surgery are 5-7 times higher than for shock waves when including lost function, productivity, and wages during recovery.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Is shockwave therapy painful?
Most patients report minimal discomfort during treatment. Some may feel mild soreness afterward, similar to post-exercise soreness. - How long does each session take?
A typical session lasts 15–20 minutes, depending on the area being treated. - How many sessions are required?
Most patients experience relief after 3–5 sessions spaced a week apart, although this may vary based on the condition being treated. - Are there any side effects?
Minor side effects, such as redness or slight swelling, are temporary and usually resolve within hours. - Can shockwave therapy prevent surgery?
In many cases, especially for chronic pain conditions like plantar fasciitis or tennis elbow, shockwave therapy has been effective in reducing or eliminating the need for surgery.
Testimonials
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